Economic system
It is the socialist market economy which rests on an equitable division of the richnesses and the collective ownership under the aegis of the State. This economy is hustled today by the laws of the international competition and globalization. Beijing must preserve its communist precepts while carrying out the country in the way of the development by attracting the foreign capital. The socialist market economy aims at privileging the public sector, while taking care to develop the other fields of the economy. For that, it is based on a modernization and a new management of the government enterprises. The required goal is to create a domestic market balanced between cities and campaigns and a vast international market. The State has nothing any more but one glance macroeconomic and undertakes to control the correct operation of the national economy (social protection, distribution of income, encouragement and balance of the richnesses).
| GDP of China : | 1417 billion dollars in 2003. |
| GDP per capita : | World rank 111. |
| Average Growth of the GDP : | +10% per year. |
| Raw material Consumption: | world rank first for copper, steel, zinc, second for aluminium, oil and third for nickel. |
| Trade : | world fourth exporting nation, Shanghai became the second world port in volume of treated goods (380 million tons). |
| Foreign direct Investments (FDI) : | 54 billion dollars. |
| Working population : | 773 million people including 45% women. |
| Population working in the public sector : | 110 million people. |
| Agricultural production : | China is the world first cereal producer (377 million tons), in particular it is the world first producer of rice (166 MT), of wheat (86 MT), of potato (67 MT), of groundnut (15 MT), of tobacco (2,5 MT), of cotton (16 MT), of natural silk (81 000 T), the world second producer of corn (114 MT), of tea (750 000 T), world third producer of orange (7 MT), of sugar (11 MT), world fourth producer of soya (16,5 MT) and world fifth producer of bananas (3 MT). |
| Breeding : | world first breeder of pig (4463 M of heads), of sheep (144 M heads), caprine (172 M heads), horse (8 million), poultry (5 million), world third breeder of bovines (108 M heads), of buffaloes (23 M heads). |
| Fishing : | China is the world first fish producer (44 MT). |
| Annual Production of wood : | 285 million m3 (world rank third). |
| Mining Production : | 1,32 billion tons of coal (world first rank, 1/3 of the world production), 163 million tons of oil (world seventh producer, reserves estimated at 3 billion tons), 76 MT of iron (world third rank). It is also the world first producer of tungsten, tin, zinc, world third largest producer of phosphates, of mercury, world fourth producer of gold (195 tons), world fifth producer of manganese, bauxite and world eight producer of copper. |
| Energy Production : | world second largest producer of electricity with 1420 billion kWh |
| Industrial Production : | world first producer of textile, world second producer of steel, fifth naval manufacturer in the world. |
| Other productions : | plastics, toy, pharmacy, electrical engineering and electronic, paper mill, paperboards, tannery, furs, craft industry, electric household appliances, bicycles, porcelain, clock industry, leather working. |
| Tourism : | 33 million visitors, second tourist destination in the world. |
| Trade balance : | large surplus (100 billion dollars). |
| Principal imports : | manufactured goods (78%), ores and metals (5.5%), fuels (7%), agro-alimentary products (4%) and agricultural products (4%). |
| Principal exports : | manufactured goods (90%), agro-alimentary (4%), fuels (3%). |
| Principal customers of China : | Asia (60%) of which Japan (17%), European Community (15%) and the USA (15%). |
